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Planos Municipais de Saneamento Básico: data limite para entrega pelos municípios é prorrogada para 31 de dezembro de 2017. ABES é contrária ao simples adiamento do prazo

12/01/2016 Teresa Sardão

Mais uma vez foi prorrogado o prazo a partir do qual os municípios que não tenham Planos Municipais de Saneamento deixarão de receber recursos federais para esta área, de acordo com o Decreto 8.629/15, de 31/12/2015: o prazo limite agora é 31 de dezembro de 2017. A ABES – Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, uma das entidades que propôs o primeiro adiamento, mas atrelado a cronograma de cumprimento de etapas dos planos, manifestou-se contra adiar o prazo novamente e enfatiza a urgência de que governo federal, estados e municípios comprometam-se a abrir um diálogo efetivo para um realinhamento de perspectivas, tanto dos casos de ausência de planos como dos que precisam revisão.

A medida, de acordo com o Ministério das Cidades, busca evitar a descontinuidade de investimentos no setor, o que prejudicaria, em especial, os municípios mais carentes e as populações em áreas periféricas e de assentamentos precários, nas quais estão identificados os maiores passivos em saneamento. Apenas um terço das cidades brasileiras apresentaram seus planos, a mesma porcentagem registrada por ocasião do último adiamento, em 2014.

“O adiamento deveria, ao menos, prever metas intermediárias de cumprimento de etapas, de acordo com o porte dos municípios”, ressalta Dante Ragazzi Pauli, presidente nacional da ABES. “O saneamento continua sendo a principal chaga da infraestrutura do país. Não será possível almejarmos ser uma nação desenvolvida se continuarmos sem conseguir levar água de qualidade e prestar serviços de coleta e tratamento de esgoto a milhões de brasileiros que ainda não são atendidos. Não adianta apenas adiar o prazo, é necessário que o país assuma seriamente o compromisso de modificar esse cenário”, afirma Dante.

O Plano Nacional de Saneamento Básico (Plansab), preparado com a participação dos governos federal, estaduais e municipais, concessionárias e empresas, profissionais, acadêmicos e estudiosos do setor no país, prevê universalizar os serviços num horizonte de 20 anos.

Os planos de saneamento, previstos na lei que rege o setor (n° 11.445/07) e em sua regulamentação (decreto n° 7.217/10), são um dos aspectos centrais dentro desta estratégia. São eles que, com base em prioridades socialmente definidas, trarão o diagnóstico das condições sanitárias, epidemiológicas, ambientais e socioeconômicas da área a ser beneficiada e estabelecerão os objetivos e as metas para a universalização, bem como os programas, os projetos e as ações necessárias para atingi-la.

Pela abrangência deste escopo, é fácil perceber que a existência de bons planos é condição imprescindível para que o desejável avanço do saneamento básico no país finalmente aconteça. Ou seja, eles serão o alicerce fundamental para que os necessários investimentos em abastecimento de água, coleta e tratamento de esgotos se realizem da forma mais célere e adequada possível num ambiente com a defasagem e a desigualdade como as que o Brasil ainda exibe.

Com o adiamento, evitou-se mais uma vez que cerca de 70% dos municípios brasileiros que ainda não conseguiram aprontar seus levantamentos sejam penalizados e não tenham acesso a recursos públicos destinados à expansão dos serviços de saneamento. Mas para superarmos este entrave não devemos apenas protelar prazos, mas sim de definir uma forma escalonada e negociada para que os diferentes titulares – conforme suas diferentes condições – consigam estruturar seus respectivos planos. “No Brasil, saneamento é serviço prestado por centenas de empresas dos mais distintos níveis e características. Dar-lhes tratamento uniforme é o caminho mais curto para o fracasso”, afirma Dante.

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  171. Como representante da ABES no Conselho das Cidades, tenho perguntado em todas as reuniões, do Concidades, se existia alguém propondo novo adiamento e ninguém respondia nada, realmente muito ruim o ter sido prorrogado, ainda mais sem nenhuma discussão com a sociedade civil, que é a mais prejudicada pela não existência dos Planos, pois não tem a garantia de para onde estarão sendo destinados os recursos em saneamento.
    De parte do Concidades, temos acompanhado a execução do PLANSAB, através do GT Interministerial e felizmente podemos votar no balanço de um ano de PLANSAB, mas um Plano nacional é apenas norteador de ações federais, os Planos Municipais é que terão que dispor exatamente quais as prioridades locais. Não dá para entender qual a dificuldade de colocar no papel as prioridades do saneamento e colocar isto dentro de um cronograma.
    Acho que podemos em todo o Brasil seguir o exemplo da ABES-SP que está levantando quais cidades estão com seus Planos aprovados. Para isto se torna mais importante ainda nossa participação nos Conselhos Estaduais e Municipais das Cidades ou de Saneamento, que é outro levantamento que seria interessante obtermos. Quantas cidades possuem órgãos de participação colegiada deliberando sobre o saneamento, como também determina a 11.445/07.

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