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MP 868/estudo da ABES: Estado do Mato Grosso é mais um exemplo de que modelo defendido pela Medida Provisória não faz o saneamento avançar

21/05/2019 Ana Paula Rogers

Levantamento da Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental – ABES demonstra que, após 22 anos da extinção da empresa estadual, saneamento não avançou no Estado do Centro-Oeste. 

O modelo da MP 868, a Medida Provisória que altera o Marco Legal do Saneamento, ainda sem data para votação na Câmara dos Deputados, não é o adequado para se alcançar a universalização no Brasil. É o que demonstra mais um estudo da Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental – ABES, desta vez sobre o Mato Grosso (veja aqui o estudo completo e o resumo nas imagens abaixo).

O estudo é resultado de uma pesquisa exploratória sobre os efeitos do processo de municipalização dos serviços de saneamento básico no Estado do Mato Grosso. Aos indicadores de saneamento (abastecimento de água, coleta e tratamento de esgoto), agregaram-se outros que enriquecem o trabalho: tipo de operador (público ou privado), faixa populacional, gestão fiscal dos municípios, tarifas médias de água e de esgoto, apresentando assim uma visão mais ampla sobre os efeitos do processo.

Após 22 anos da extinção da empresa estadual, não se constata o avanço apregoado por quem defende o modelo da MP 868, como mostram os indicadores a seguir:

– Abastecimento de água: os serviços mantiveram o mesmo patamar de atendimento, dentre os operadores públicos (85%), mesmo mais do que dobrando o número de municípios atendidos. Os operadores privados, por sua vez, saíram de 4 municípios atendidos em 2001 para 36 em 2017, elevando os indicadores de atendimento de 54 para 91%;

– Coleta e tratamento de esgoto: em 2001, era ínfima a quantidade de municípios que dispunham dos serviços de coleta de esgoto. Ainda em 2017, apenas 25% dos municípios do estado contam com os serviços de coleta e tratamento. Atualmente, a maior parte do atendimento desses serviços é feita pela iniciativa privada;

– Tarifa média: destaca-se nesse aspecto a variação que ocorreu no valor do m³ de água, nesse período, dentre os operadores privados: 117%.

Cuiabá está em 22º lugar entre as capitais do Brasil no Ranking ABES da Universalização do Saneamento (veja o Ranking aqui).

Este é o terceiro estudo realizado pela ABES que demonstra que o modelo da MP 868 não é o ideal (veja os casos do Amazonas – acesse aqui e do Tocantins – acesse aqui).

A MP 868 prevê a extinção dos contratos programa. Tudo será contrato de concessão. “Haverá uma fase de transição sem segurança jurídica alguma, os Municípios perderão a autonomia e as empresas públicas e privadas com contratos em andamento serão prejudicadas. Municípios sem contrato ficarão aguardando futura licitação para concessão”, alerta o presidente nacional da ABES, Roberval Tavares de Souza.

Para a ABES, esta MP não atende, em sua essência, o que a entidade prima como eixo central, ou seja, a busca da universalização, com foco em ter saneamento em todo o país. “Isso não foi atendido pelo texto, infelizmente, e por este motivo a ABES é totalmente contrária à MP do Saneamento. Ainda existe a possibilidade de mudança diretamente no Plenário e nós vamos continuar abertos a esta mudança, que rege sobre a questão da alienação das ações, nós acreditamos que haverá muito problema jurídico e isto complicará a vida do saneamento no país, além do retorno do contrato programa para o eixo central da regionalização. A ABES continua aberta à MP, mas precisa haver estas duas mudanças, senão não haverá consenso e a ABES se posicionará contra até o final”, ressalta Roberval Tavares de Souza.

Entenda os efeitos nefastos da Medida Provisória que altera o Marco Legal do Saneamento (acesse aqui)

Assista ao vídeo sobre os impactos negativos da MP 868 (clique aqui)

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